#!/usr/bin/perl # # Copyright 2004 by Gray Watson # # Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for # any purpose and without fee is hereby granted, provided that the # above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all # copies, and that the name of Gray Watson not be used in advertising # or publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software # without specific, written prior permission. # # Gray Watson makes no representations about the suitability of the # software described herein for any purpose. It is provided "as is" # without express or implied warranty. # # The author may be contacted via http://256.com/gray/ # # $Id: plot.cgi,v 1.13 2005/04/29 20:00:06 gray Exp $ # # # Solar Power Graphing CGI Script # use strict; use DBI; use GD::Graph::bars; use GD::Graph::lines; use POSIX qw(strftime); # some defaults and constants my $SECS_IN_HOUR = 60 * 60; my $SECS_IN_DAY = 24 * $SECS_IN_HOUR; my $MAX_PERIOD = 90 * $SECS_IN_DAY; my $DEFAULT_WIDTH = 600; my $DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 300; my $MAX_WIDTH = 1024; my $MAX_HEIGHT = 768; # how many pixels between two x-labels my $X_LABEL_WIDTH = 80; # my name my $PLOT_HTML = "plot.html"; my $PLOT_CGI = "plot.cgi"; # time periods: seconds => label my %periods = ( $SECS_IN_DAY * 30 => "Last 1 Month", $SECS_IN_DAY * 7 => "Last 1 Week", $SECS_IN_DAY * 3 => "Last 3 Days", $SECS_IN_DAY => "Last 1 Day", 12 * 3600 => "Last 12 Hours", 6 * 3600 => "Last 6 Hours", 3 * 3600 => "Last 3 Hours", 3600 => "Last 1 Hour", 1800 => "Last 30 Minutes", 600 => "Last 10 Minutes", ); # channels to monitor: db-field => label my %channel_list = ( "Pac" => [ 0, 0, 0, "Power Fed to Grid" ], "Ipv" => [ 0, 0, 0, "Current from PV-panels" ], "Vpv" => [ 0, 0, 0, "Voltage from PV-panels" ], "E-Total" => [ 0, 0, 0, "Energy Yield" ], "E-Total.dct" => [ 1, 1, 1, "Energy Yield Per Day" ], "h-Total" => [ 0, 0, 0, "Operating Hours" ], "h-Total.dct" => [ 1, 1, 1, "Operating Hours Per Day" ], "Temperature" => [ 0, 0, 0, "Temperature of Unit" ], "Vac" => [ 0, 0, 0, "Grid Voltage" ], "Fac" => [ 0, 0, 0, "Grid Frequency" ], ); # connect to the DB my $PG_CONN = DBI->connect("dbi:Pg:dbname=sma", "sma", "", { RaiseError => 0, PrintError => 0, AutoCommit => 1 }); if (not $PG_CONN) { my $errstr = $DBI::errstr; print qq[Content-type: text/html

DB connect failed: $errstr

]; exit 1; } # process the environment my %which; my $form = process_env(); ############################################################################### # # Read our environment either looking for query-string or content-length # env variables. # sub process_env { my $buffer = ""; # if there is a CONTENT_LENGTH env var then this was a POST if ($ENV{CONTENT_LENGTH}) { # Read in from stdin the POSTed arguments. read(STDIN, $buffer, $ENV{CONTENT_LENGTH}); } elsif ($ENV{QUERY_STRING}) { # Arguments from a GET are in the QUERY_STRING env variable $buffer = $ENV{QUERY_STRING}; } # Split the name-value pairs my @pairs = split(/\&/, $buffer); my %form; foreach my $pair (@pairs) { my ($name, $value) = split(/=/, $pair); # Un-Webify plus signs and %-encoding $value =~ tr/+/ /; $value =~ s/%([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])/pack("C", hex($1))/eg; # Stop people from using subshells to execute commands # Not a big deal when using sendmail, but very important # when using UCB mail (aka mailx). # $value =~ s/~!/ ~!/g; if ($name eq "which") { $which{$value} = 1; } else { $form{$name} = $value; } # print "\n"; } return \%form; } ############################################################################### # # Page trailer for the bottom of the page. # sub loc_trailer { print qq[ ]; exit 0; } ############################################################################### # # Do the SQL query and load the data into our hash # sub get_data { my ($channel, $data) = @_; # this is a LOT faster then comparing against epoch stuff my $from_stamp = strftime "%m/%d/%Y %T", localtime($form->{from}); my $to_stamp = strftime "%m/%d/%Y %T", localtime($form->{from} + $form->{period}); my $daily_b = $channel_list{$channel}->[0]; my $change_b = $channel_list{$channel}->[1]; my $total_b = $channel_list{$channel}->[2]; $channel = $1 if $channel =~ m/^(.*)\..*$/; my $stmt = $PG_CONN->prepare(qq{ SELECT EXTRACT(epoch FROM stamp) AS stamp,addr,"$channel" FROM stats WHERE stamp >= '$from_stamp' AND stamp < '$to_stamp' ORDER BY oid; }); if (not $stmt) { my $errstr = $PG_CONN->errstr; print "

Preparing query failed: $errstr

\n"; loc_trailer(); } if (not $stmt->execute) { my $errstr = $PG_CONN->errstr; print "

Executing query failed: $errstr

\n"; loc_trailer(); } # So the $data hash reference has keys which are time in seconds # since epoche and values which are array references. This array # contains objects which are arrary references which store the actual # variable name, value, and source address. my %last_days; my %last_vals; while (my $row = $stmt->fetchrow_hashref) { if ($daily_b) { my $stamp_day = strftime "%Y%m%d", localtime($row->{stamp}); # skip the entry that are not the 1st one in a new day next if ($last_days{$row->{addr}} && $stamp_day == $last_days{$row->{addr}}); $last_days{$row->{addr}} = $stamp_day; $row->{stamp} = 3600 * int(($row->{stamp} + 1800) / 3600); } if ($change_b) { my $current = $row->{$channel}; if ($last_vals{$channel} && $last_vals{$channel}->{$row->{addr}}) { $row->{$channel} -= $last_vals{$channel}->{$row->{addr}}; } $last_vals{$channel}->{$row->{addr}} = $current; next if $current == $row->{$channel}; } $row->{addr} = 0 if $total_b; my $entry = $data->{$row->{stamp}} || []; if ($total_b && @$entry) { foreach my $field (@$entry) { next unless $field->[0] eq $channel; $field->[1] += $row->{$channel}; last; } } else { push @$entry, [ $channel, $row->{$channel}, $row->{addr} ]; } $data->{$row->{stamp}} = $entry; } } ############################################################################### # # build and draw the graph image # sub draw_graph { my ($which, $title, $data) = @_; my @which_channels = keys(%$which); my $graph; my $bars_b = 0; if (scalar(@which_channels) == 1 && $channel_list{$which_channels[0]}->[0]) { $graph = GD::Graph::bars->new($form->{width}, $form->{height}); $bars_b = 1; } else { $graph = GD::Graph::lines->new($form->{width}, $form->{height}); } # find the min and max values my $max_y = 0; my $min_y = 1000000; my $max_x = 0; my $min_x = 2000000000; my @sorted_keys = sort(keys(%$data)); foreach my $epoch (@sorted_keys) { $max_x = $epoch if $epoch > $max_x; $min_x = $epoch if $epoch < $min_x; my $entries = $data->{$epoch}; foreach my $channel (@$entries) { my $val = $$channel[1]; # this is important otherwith it will be 0 next unless defined($val); $max_y = $val if $val > $max_y; $min_y = $val if $val < $min_y; } } my $y_range = $max_y - $min_y; # set the y-format based on how much range we have on the y axis my $y_format = "%d"; $y_format = "%.1f" if $y_range < 4; $y_format = "%.3f" if $y_range < 2; # give ourselves a little padding in the Y axis my $extra = $y_range * 0.05; $extra = 1 unless $extra; $max_y += $extra; $min_y -= $extra; $min_y = 0 if $min_y < 0; # determine the format of our X axis labels my $time_format; if ($max_x - $min_x >= $SECS_IN_DAY * 3) { $time_format = "%m/%d"; $X_LABEL_WIDTH = "50"; } else { my @min_lt = localtime($min_x); my @max_lt = localtime($max_x); # time format is MM/DD HH:MM $time_format = "%m/%d %H:%M"; # if all of the data points are in the same day then we can just do # HH:MM if ($min_lt[5] == $max_lt[5] && $min_lt[4] == $max_lt[4] && $min_lt[3] == $max_lt[3]) { $time_format = "%H:%M"; $X_LABEL_WIDTH = "50"; } } # figure out how often to print the x-labels my $label_incr = scalar(keys(%$data)) / ($form->{width} / $X_LABEL_WIDTH); my $time_str; if ($form->{height} < 120) { $time_str = strftime "%m/%d %H:%M:%S", localtime($form->{from}); } elsif ($form->{height} < 180) { $time_str = strftime "%m/%d %H:%M:%S %Z", localtime($form->{from}); } else { $time_str = strftime "%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S %Z", localtime($form->{from}); } $graph->set( title => "$title over the $periods{$form->{period}}", line_width => 1, marker_size => 1, legend_placement => 'BC', x_label_skip => $label_incr, y_max_value => $max_y, y_long_ticks => 1, y_number_format => $y_format, y_label => $time_str, skip_undef => 1, #fgclr => 'black', #accentclr => 'black', #labelclr => 'black', #axislabelclr => 'black', #legendclr => 'black', #valuesclr => 'black', #textclr => 'black', ) || die $graph->error; die $graph->error if ((not $bars_b) && (not $graph->set(y_min_value => $min_y))); #$graph->set_title_font('/fonts/arial.ttf', 12); #$graph->set_legend_font('gdTinyFont', 18); my @final; push @final, []; # determine how many different rows we have my %legends; foreach my $epoch (@sorted_keys) { my $entries = $data->{$epoch}; foreach my $channel (@$entries) { my $var = $$channel[0]; my $addr = $$channel[2]; my $slot = "${var} #${addr}"; next if $legends{$slot}; push @final, []; $legends{$slot} = 1; } } # sort the legend entries and then number them $graph->set_legend(sort(keys(%legends))); my $col_c = 1; foreach my $slot (sort(keys(%legends))) { $legends{$slot} = $col_c++; } # now build our data arrays my $next_label = 0; my $label_c = 0; foreach my $epoch (@sorted_keys) { push @{$final[0]}, strftime($time_format, localtime($epoch)); my $entries = $data->{$epoch}; foreach my $channel (@$entries) { my $var = $channel->[0]; my $val = $channel->[1]; my $addr = $channel->[2]; my $slot = "${var} #${addr}"; push @{$final[$legends{$slot}]}, $val; } my $fill_c = 1; while ($fill_c < $col_c) { while (scalar(@{$final[0]}) > scalar(@{$final[$fill_c]})) { push @{$final[$fill_c]}, undef; } $fill_c++; } } # plot the graph and get the image my $gd = $graph->plot(\@final) || die $graph->error; my $image = $gd->png || die $graph->error; # spit out the right headers, content-length, and the image print "Content-type: image/png\n"; print "Content-Length: " . length($image) . "\n\n"; print $image; exit 0; } ############################################################################### # # print the raw data out as CSV # sub print_data { my ($data) = @_; print "Content-type: text/plain\n\n"; print "# Watson solar house data\n"; print "# Produced: " . localtime(time) . "\n"; print "# Fields: date mm/dd/yyyy hh:mm:ss,variable,device #," . "value\n"; foreach my $value (sort(keys(%$data))) { my $entries = $data->{$value}; my $stamp = strftime "%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S", localtime($value); foreach my $channel (@$entries) { my $var = $channel->[0]; my $val = $channel->[1]; my $addr = $channel->[2]; print "$stamp,$var,#$addr,$val\n"; } } exit 0; } ############################################################################### # # Default values for arguments # $which{Pac} = 1 unless %which; $form->{period} = $SECS_IN_DAY unless $form->{period}; my $time_checked = ""; my $latest_checked = ""; $form->{to} = time() unless $form->{to}; if ($form->{from}) { $time_checked = "checked=\"checked\""; } else { $form->{from} = time() - $form->{period}; $latest_checked = "checked=\"checked\""; } $form->{width} = $DEFAULT_WIDTH unless $form->{width}; $form->{height} = $DEFAULT_HEIGHT unless $form->{height}; my $channel_c = 0; my $title; foreach my $channel (keys(%channel_list)) { next unless $which{$channel}; if ($title) { $title = "Data"; } else { $title = $channel_list{$channel}->[3]; } } # get our data array my %data; foreach my $channel (sort(keys(%which))) { get_data($channel, \%data); } draw_graph(\%which, $title, \%data) if ($form->{image} || $ARGV[0] eq "image"); print_data(\%data) if ($form->{data} || $ARGV[0] eq "data"); # # Spit out the form and the image reference. # my $time_str = localtime($form->{from}); print qq[Content-type: text/html

$time_str Latest:
]; foreach my $channel (sort { $channel_list{$a}->[3] cmp $channel_list{$b}->[3] } (keys(%channel_list))) { print "[3]; $label =~ s/ / /g; print "/>$label \n"; } print "
\n"; print "\n"; my $prev_query_string = ""; if (%data) { $prev_query_string = $ENV{QUERY_STRING}; $prev_query_string =~ s/(\&)?from=(\d+)//; my $prev_from = $form->{from} - $form->{period}; $prev_query_string .= "&from=$prev_from"; } my $prev_half_query_string = ""; if (%data) { $prev_half_query_string = $ENV{QUERY_STRING}; $prev_half_query_string =~ s/(\&)?from=(\d+)//; my $prev_half_from = $form->{from} - $form->{period} / 2; $prev_half_query_string .= "&from=$prev_half_from"; } my $next_query_string = ""; if ($form->{from} < time) { $next_query_string = $ENV{QUERY_STRING}; $next_query_string =~ s/(\&)?from=(\d+)//; my $next_from = $form->{from} + $form->{period}; $next_query_string .= "&from=$next_from"; } my $next_half_query_string = ""; if ($form->{from} < time) { $next_half_query_string = $ENV{QUERY_STRING}; $next_half_query_string =~ s/(\&)?from=(\d+)//; my $next_half_from = $form->{from} + $form->{period} / 2; $next_half_query_string .= "&from=$next_half_from"; } print qq[

Prev
Period

Prev
Half
Period

Next
Period

Next
Half
Period

You can also download the data associated with this graph.

]; loc_trailer();